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Monday, February 1, 2016

/ɔ:/, you‘re just saying that



First draft of "al" > /ɔ:l/ | /ɔ:/ notes

 
  1. all-conquering
     This is the sole representative of the many adjectives that use the prefix "all" (for example "all-knowing", "all-powerful"...).
  2. all alone/along
    This sound occurs in the first word. The *al* in the second word is unstressed. See /ə/.
  3. alright
    This is not included in some dictionaries, but the Macmillan English Dictionary does include it – only adding "Many people consider this to be incorrect."
  4. balk
    Also "baulk". Note that, unlike many other *alk words (chalk, stalk, talk and walk), this word keeps the /l/ sound.
  5. Balkanis/zation
    The Macmillan English Dictionary transcribes this word thus, but the audio sample uses the sound /ɒ/.
  6. ballcock
    This is the sole representative of the many compound words that start "ball-" (for example" ballgown") – or end "-ball" (for example "baseball").
  7. balti
    The Macmillan English Dictionary gives two transcriptions, /ɔ:/ and /æ/, but the audio clips (though of different speakers) both use the /ɔ:/ phoneme. Typical of foreign borrowings, the vowels can vary widely; /ɒ/ is also common in this word.
  8. be-all
    This is part of the phrase "be-all-and-end-all". In current usage there is no other phrase that includes it.
  9. callback
    This is the sole representative of the many compound words that use the string "call-" or "-call".
  10. chalkboard
    This is the sole representative of other compound words that use the string "chalk-" (for example, "chalkface").
  11. cobalt
    The Macmillan English Dictionary gives this transcription, but the audio sample uses a sound that falls somewhere between /ɒ/ and /æ/.
  12. enthral(l)
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include the version that has "ll" in the CD-ROM version (and indeed its participles are much more common). But other dictionaries, including Macmillan English Dictionary online, do include it. The link there includes the word "American" , though the BNC has 12 instances in a corpus of 100 million words (1:83), whereas COCA has an almost identical frequency (58 in a corpus of 450 million – 1:76). Both corpuses include both spellings; the version with "ll" is much more frequent on both sides of the Atlantic.
  13. fall
    This list does not include the many compound words that include the string "fall" where there is a clear sense of downward motion; in many cases this meaning is present but lost in the mists of etymology.
  14. hallmark
    The many compound words that include the string "hall", where there is a clear sense of a public and/or general-use room. In some cases (for instance, "hallmark") this sense is less clear.
  15. instal(l)
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include the spelling with a single "l" but many other dictionaries do – Collins, for example does.
  16. mall
    See also under /æ/.
  17. overalls
    The adjective (with no "s") is excluded along with many other "over-" and "-all" compounds, but the "plural" is a garment (which is naturally singular, not unlike "trousers").
  18. palter
    This word is not in Macmillan English Dictionary , though it is in several other dictionaries (for example, Collins). It is indeed rare: it does not figure in BNC, and COCA includes only 11 instances.
  19. salt water
    This is the sole representative of collocations that include the word "salt".
  20. SWALK
    The Macmillan English Dictionary gives this with the /ɔ:/ vowel, but as it is necessarily written (on the outside of an envelope) the question of its pronunciation is moot. (My "mental voice" pronounces it with the /æ/ vowel.
  21. uptalk
    The Macmillan English Dictionary gives only the noun, but the primary stress marked in the transcription does not match the primary stress sounded in the audio sample (either for British English or for American English). The speakers in the examples presumably have in mind a verb (which other dictionaries agree in not including); but I have heard both stresses, and suspect that future dictionaries may recognize the existence of a verb. At present, the word is used fairly rarely in discussions of modes of speech, and "uptalk" is not alone among terms used to refer to the same phenomenon. In academic use the preferred word seems to be "HRT" (High Rise Terminal and/or Tone).
  22. walkover/walkthrough
    This is not excluded with other "walk-" compounds because a contestant awarded a walkover does not necessarily walk; nor does a person conducting a walkthrough, for similar reasons.
  23. wallflower/wallpaper
    This is not excluded with other "wall-" compounds because of the figurative meaning (wallflower – someone [in the days when formal dancing was the norm this person was necessarily a woman] who does not have a dancing partner; wallpaper – a background on a PC/laptop/tablet/phone)

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